Galalka birta ah ama rasp birta

Kala saaridda rasp birta

Faylasha birta ah waxaa loo qaybin karaa qiyaas ahaan saddex qaybood: faylasha caadiga ah, faylalka gaarka ah, qaabaynta faylalka irbadaha;

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Noocyada faylka caadiga ah

Galalka birta ah ama rasp birta

Taariikhda

Soo xeraynta hore ama xajinta waxay leedahay xidido taariikhi hore ah oo si dabiici ah uga koray isku darka mataanaha waxyiga ee lagu jarjarayo qalabka dhagaxa lagu gooyo (sida faasasyada gacanta) iyo xoqida iyadoo la isticmaalayo nabarro dabiici ah, sida noocyada dhagaxa ah ee ku haboon (tusaale, sandstone) Marka la eego, dharbaaxadu sidoo kale waa mid qadiimi ah, oo leh alwaax iyo ciid xeebta ah oo bixiya lammaane dabiici ah oo dhabo iyo laabotooyin ah. Qorayaasha Disston waxay sheegaan, "Si loo fayl-gareeyo, ama loo fayl-gareeyo, nin qadiim ah wuxuu isticmaalay ciid, dhogor, shacaab, lafo, maqaarka kalluunka, iyo alwaaxyada,-sidoo kale dhagax adag oo kala duwan oo la xidhiidha ciidda iyo biyaha."

Qarnigii Bronze iyo Age Iron waxay lahaayeen noocyo kala duwan oo faylal iyo rasps ah. Cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah waxay Masar ka heleen naxaas laga sameeyay 1200-1000 BC. Cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah ayaa sidoo kale helay naaso ka samaysan birta oo ay isticmaali jireen Assyrian-ku, kuwaas oo soo taxnaa ilaa qarnigii 7aad ee BC.

Faylasha caadiga ah waxaa loo qaybin karaa shan nooc oo ku salaysan qaabka faylka iskutallaabtiisa: faylal fidsan, faylal labajibbaaran, faylal saddex xagal ah, faylal wareeg-wareeg ah, iyo galal wareeg ah. Faylasha fidsan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xareeyo fidsan, wareeg ah, iyo sagxadaha convex; Fayl laba jibaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xareeyo godadka labajibbaaran, godadka leydiga ah, iyo meelaha cidhiidhiga ah; Faylka saddexagalka ah waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu fayl gareeyo geesaha gudaha, godadka saddex xagal, iyo sagxadaha fidsan; Faylasha wareega badhkii ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu fayl gareeyo sagxadaha qaloocan iyo sagxadaha siman;

Fayl wareegsan ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xareeyo godadka wareegsan, sagxadaha qaloocan ee yaryar, iyo sagxadaha elliptical. Faylasha gaarka ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xareeyo meelaha gaarka ah ee qaybaha, waxaana jira laba nooc: toosan iyo qaloocsan;

Faylka qaabaynta (faylalka irbadda) waxay ku habboon yihiin hagaajinta qaybo yaryar oo ka mid ah qaybaha shaqada, waxaana jira noocyo badan oo faylal ah oo leh qaabab kala duwan oo iskutallaab ah.

Hordhac galalka wareega badhkii

Faylasha wareega badhkii

Waxaan si xirfad leh u bixinaa dhammaan noocyada feylasha birta ah & rasps & faylalka dheemanka iyo faylasha irbadda. Faylasha birta kaarboon sare, 4 "-18" gooyo labajibbaaran (gooyo: bastard, labaad, siman).

Fayl-wareega badhku waa nooc ka mid ah qalabka gacanta ee loo isticmaalo fur-furid, simayn, iyo qaabaynta agabyo kala duwan sida biraha iyo alwaaxyada. Isku darka dhinac siman iyo dhinac wareegsan waxay ka dhigan tahay in faylka wareegga nuska ahi uu ku habboon yahay in loo isticmaalo kookaha, convex, iyo dusha fidsan taasoo ka dhigaysa qalab aad u badan.

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